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大学英语四级阅读常见“信号词”

时间:2009-06-16 15:09 | 分类:个人日记 -
1.以下词组提示下文所涉及的重要信息:
The main / important point / conclusion / reason....

The point to note here...
2.以下词组提示了下文的结构框架:
There are three major reasons...
3.but和however表示对比,常常用来提示重要信息,例如:
The rising birth rate is not due to increased fertility, but to a sharp decline in the death rate.
4.在文中提问可以突出问题后的答案,提示读者答案中有重要信息,例如:
Why is a piped water supply so important? Disease due to contaminated water is a common cause of death in childhood.
5.有时,为了保证读者完全理解自己的观点,作者会在文中反复提出自己的观点,例如:
Death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words, the death rate can be cut without anything else changing.
6.文章的结论通常是非常重要的,因此,读者要在文中寻找提示结论的"信号词",例如:
Thereforethe result
In conclusionwe can conclude
One of the primary conclusions
7.举例是为了帮助读者理解某一个观点,因此,文中的例子不是浏览文章时的重要信息。在阅读过程中,以下词组提示读者下文是举例部分信息。
For example/instance like
Such as these include
To illustrate among these are
有时,作者也会用破折号或括号来提示举例信息,例如:
The developing countries are dependent on cash crops - sugar, coffee, cacao, cotton.
Precipitating/violent/unexpected factors are those which reduce the food supply (droughts, floods, wars, epidemics)...
在段落浏览时,读者在看到信号词后,应不断对下文信息作出相应的判断,例如:
   The main reason for (提示:下文信息重要) the reduction in the death rate in the developing world has been improved public health measures. For example, (提示:下文信息不重要,仅仅是为了用来证明前面的观点) in Sri Lanka the death rate was halved over ten years by spraying the mosquitoes which carry malaria.
   Why(提示:问题的答案中有读者应该关注的重点) is it so easy to cut the death rate in this way and yet so hard to reduce the birth rate? One answer (提示:这只是众多答案中的一种,并不是最重要的。) is that public health measures can be very cheap. Anti-malarial spraying is inexpensive. But this is not the important point (提示:but后面的是非常重要的信息).
  For birth control programmes to be successful, a change in attitude is required, whereas death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words, (提示:这里是作者想要强调的重要信息) the death rate can be cut without anything else changing.

  
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thanks
   沙发 Date:2009-06-19 21:01:06
  
  
THX顶
   板凳 Date:2009-07-05 09:17:37
  
  
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   4 Date:2009-07-30 16:52:56
  
  
谢谢!!
   5 Date:2009-08-03 12:45:57
  
  
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   6 Date:2009-08-07 07:57:54
  
  
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   7 Date:2009-08-08 22:33:07
  
  
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   8 Date:2009-08-30 20:24:41
  
  
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   9 Date:2009-09-04 14:38:15
  
  
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   10 Date:2009-09-05 11:01:37
  
  
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   11 Date:2009-09-15 15:35:02
  
  
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   12 Date:2009-09-15 16:13:00
  
  
Very good
Thank you
   13 Date:2009-09-19 11:54:43
  
    
 
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